Problematic Social Media Use dan Self Efficacy Serta Social Comparison: Studi Deskriptif Perilaku Digital Gen-Z
Published: 5/11/2026
Abstract
Seiring dengan pertumbuhan era digitalisasi, media sosial telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan sehari-hari manusia yang memainkan peran signifikan dalam beberapa aspek seperti komunikasi, dunia kerja, pendidikan, politik, budaya, dan kesehatan. Saat ini, sebagian besar individu tidak dapat hidup tanpa menggunakan media sosial setiap hari, terutama di kalangan Gen-Z. Meskipun demikian, tenaga profesional kesehatan menyatakan kekhawatiran terhadap konsekuensi perilaku dan psikologis dari Problematic Social Media Use (PSMU) atau dalam bahasa Indonesia Penggunaan sosial media yang problematik. PSMU dikaitkan dengan beberapa risiko, terutama dengan meningkatnya konsumsi media seperti brain rot dan doom scrolling. Hal ini dapat memberikan dampak buruk terhadap perhatian, fungsi kognitif, dan kemampuan kognitif lainnya. Namun, di Indonesia PSMU masih menjadi variabel yang jarang dibahas meskipun memiliki konsekuensi negatif tersebut. Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana variabel PSMU berkorelasi dengan social comparison dan self-efficacy. Melalui metode kuantitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling, penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen Iowa-Netherlands Social Comparison Scale, Bergen's Social Media Use Scale, dan General Self-Efficacy Scale untuk mengukur tingkat penggunaan media sosial, perbadingan sosial, dan self-efficacy. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel mahasiswa dari generasi Z sebagai populasi utama, yang berdomisili di sekitar Pulau Jawa, terutama di Jawa Barat dengan fokus di area jabodetabek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara Problematic Social Media Usage dan social comparison, dan hubungan yang lemah antara PSMU dan Self-Efficacy. Riset selanjutnya bisa mencoba studi PSMU dengan variabel yang lebih relevan dengan penggunaan media sosial seperti yang dilakukan pada riset di luar Indonesia seperti kecemasan.
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